David Stubbs: Future Days (Faber & Faber, 2018)
I’ve had Germany on the brain lately and I’m not sure why. Given the current geopolitical situation, it’s an inconvenient time to be thinking about Germany’s cultural heritage, but my musical curiosity has been leading me in that direction. A few weeks ago I wrote about the band A+P, complaining that Germany’s language and culture remain frustratingly opaque to me, and then, mere days later, I started reading a book about Krautrock that was on my reading list.
I must have added David Stubbs’ Future Days to my reading list nearly a decade ago, when the hardcore edition first came out, but I only just now got a copy in my hands and read it. In retrospect, I’m glad I took a long time to get around to picking up the book, because when I added it to my “to read” list, I was in a stage of rabidly researching Krautrock records and trying to hear everything with that tag I could. Stubbs’ book isn’t geared toward that sort of Krautrock fanatic (a book called The Crack in the Cosmic Egg is much better for that… if you can find a copy). Stubbs isn’t a crate digger. Instead, he argues that the cultural impact and legacy of Krautrock comes down to a handful of seminal bands, the rest of the groups falling under that umbrella being also-rans with limited impact or not fitting the categorical definition precisely enough. The one bone he throws this brand of fanatics is when Stubbs asks Krautrock historian Stefan Morawietz for a deep-cut recommendation. Morawietz responds, “A band called Limbus on Ohr (…) Very, very obscure. Compared to them, even Faust sounds commercial.” Stubbs gives us a couple of pages on Limbus, but other than that, he devotes Future Days to Krautrock’s ten or so biggest names.
(Side note: Stubbs book contains, as you might expect this day and age, a lengthy discussion of the origin and continued use of the term “Krautrock.” The term is, of course, rooted in a slur. After much consideration, he finds that term the best option for labeling this historical phenomenon, and I’ll follow his lead in using it, even if it makes me cringe a bit every time I type it.)
While you might not discover many new bands to check out based on Stubbs’ book, he provides a lot of context for the bands he writes about. Aside from the one large book I read about Can (All Gates Open by Rob Young and Irmin Schmidt), I know little about the personalities behind these bands, and listening to Krautrock is largely a context-free experience for me. This isn’t a problem, really… the music is so rich that there’s plenty to feed my brain with just the sounds. Stubbs provides some insight on why the music is resistant to the usual architecture of criticism that springs up around important rock musicians, the Krautrockers’ anti-rockist ethos and lack of charismatic vocalists shielding these groups from the normal rock critics’ methodologies. Some context can be a good thing, though. For instance, I have a couple of Guru Guru albums (Hinten and Känguru), but having no sense of who the group was or how their discography fits together, I didn’t realize their first album, 1970’s UFO, is a decidedly more abrasive and out-there affair than the other two. On the “to listen” list that one goes…
Beyond discussing the bands, their members, and their music, Stubbs’ book shines as a piece of cultural history. Much of the book is about the overlapping generational and regional tensions the music grew out of. While a couple of Krautrock’s seminal groups had initial stirrings in Berlin, Stubbs’ argument is that Krautrock, as a musical and cultural phenomenon, is a product of the West German state… a state that existed only for a relatively brief and clearly defined historical moment. The anti-rockist ethos I mentioned above was largely a reaction against America and Americanization; even half a generation before, German groups mostly aped the beat and soul music that catered to the taste of American GIs. While the Krautrockers’ parents’ generation were deferential to Americans, grateful as they were for Americans’ huge role in shepherding West Germany from post-war ruin to economic prosperity, the Krautrockers born toward the end of the war and in the immediate post-war period (i.e. those in their twenties in the 1970s) were the first to ask why they couldn’t have an indigenous tradition of rock music of their very own.
Alongside contextualizing the 1970s Germany counter-culture, another area of interest for Stubbs is examining how Krautrock’s influence spread across the world. Here, that Stubbs is an English author writing in English is a strength, because (as both he and the musicians themselves note many times in Future Days), limited though Krautrock’s influence was, its influence in the Anglophone and Francophone worlds dwarfed its impact in Germany. Particularly interesting is how Stubbs charts the changing attitudes toward Krautrock (and Germany in general) in British culture. Much as the Krautrockers’ parents remained stagnant in their embrace of America post-WWII, a robust Germanophobia reigned in Britain in the 70s. Stubbs notes at one point that, in 70s Britain, the mere mention of anything German was liable to prompt mock goose-stepping and sieg heils, and UK media coverage of the Krautrock groups (and there was plenty! Can even appeared on Top of the Pops!) willfully partook. I can’t find the passage, but there’s one headline that calls Can’s music the “final solution” to rock’s stagnation, and there are countless examples to go along with that one. According to Stubbs, though, this all changed with Bowie. For Stubbs, the thread that runs through Bowie and into the post-punk era is “a new pop ice age” when the hippies’ dusty garb and musty odor were shaken off in favor of a new aesthetic that was cold, sleek, intellectual, and mechanical. Berlin was the geographic vortex of this shift, symbolizing as it did for Bowie a move from the Americanized excesses of the Ziggy Stardust and Thin White Duke periods to the artier, more distant, altogether more European flavor of his Berlin period.
At one point, Stubbs says outright that Krautrock is the missing link between the hippies and the punks, and his argument is compelling. In the music of Can, Kraftwerk, Faust, and Ash Ral Tempel, you can hear the dismantling of the hippie dream and the crafting of new building blocks from which, for better or worse, the 80s would be built.